In this work, the allantoin was encapsulated with galactomannan extruded from Delonyx regia, by the spray drying technique. The microparticles obtained were structurally characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the controlled release profile was evaluated. The results of IR suggested the formation of the polymeric wall of the microcapsules and SEM revealed spherical particles with an average size range of 2.84 ± 0.41 µm. X-ray diffraction showed the loss of crystallinity of the active after encapsulation and differential explanatory calorimetry exhibited the loss of its peak melt. The encapsulation efficiency for the microparticles was approximately 84% for the different environmental conditions. The coating of allantoin with the biopolymer promoted a gradual release of the drug over a period of 6 hours and these results are in accordance with the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia. The set of results obtained in this work is relevant and accredits the system developed as a possible alternative for the formation of encapsulated natural drugs destined to possible treatments of cutaneous cellular regeneration.

Dois novos furanoflavonoides, 5-hidróxi-2’’-isopropenil-3-metoxifurano-(2",3":7,8)-flavona e 5-hidróxi-2’’-(1-hidróxi-1-metiletil)-3-metoxifurano-(2",3":7,8)-flavona, juntamente com treze compostos conhecidos, foram isolados das cascas das raízes de Lonchocarpus obtusos (Leguminosae). As estruturas de todos os compostos isolados foram determinadas usando métodos espectrométricos tais como RMN 1D e 2D (COSY, HSQC e HMBC) e EMAR, além da comparação com dados espectrais descritos na literatura para compostos de estruturas semelhantes.

Two new furanoflavonoids, 5-hydroxy-2’’-isopropenyl-3-methoxyfurane-(2",3":7,8)-flavone and 5-hydroxy-2’’-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-3-methoxyfurane-(2",3":7,8)-flavone, along with thirteen other known compounds, were isolated from the root barks of Lonchocarpus obtusus (Leguminosae). The structures of all compounds were determined by spectrometric methods such as 1D and 2D NMR (COSY, HSQC and HMBC) and HREISMS beside comparison with spectral data for similar compounds.

Este trabalho descreve a composição química dos óleos essenciais e o isolamento de onze substâncias de Eupatorium ballotifolium Kunth, Asteraceae. Os óleos essenciais foram obtidos por hidrodestilação, analisados por CG-EM e avaliados quanto às suas atividades frente à enzima acetilcolinesterase. O rendimento dos óleos foi de 0,11% para as folhas e 0,03% para os talos. Os principais constituintes dos óleos foram os sesquiterpenos β-cariofileno (24,9 e 22,2%), espatulenol (17,7 e 12,4%) e epóxi-allo-aromadendreno (23,0 e 23,6%). Do extrato hexânico da parte aérea foi isolada a mistura de β-sitosterol e estigmasterol, incluindo suas formas glicosiladas, e os triterpenos acetato de taraxasterila e taraxasterol, enquanto, do extrato etanólico foram isolados os flavonóides nepetina and 3-O-glicosil-quercetina. Do extrato hexânico das raízes foram isolados os triterpenos epi-friedelanol e damara-20,24-dien-3β-ol e do extrato etanólico a cumarina 11-hidroxi-11,12-di-hidroobliquina. As estruturas de todos os compostos foram determinadas usando técnicas espectroscópica tais como IV, EM e RMN ¹H e 13C.

This work describes the chemical composition of the essential oils and the isolation of eleven substances from Eupatorium ballotifolium Kunth, Asteraceae. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation, analyzed by GC/MS and evaluated towards the acetylcholinesterase enzyme. The oils yield was of 0.11% for the leaves and 0.03% for the stems. The main constituents of the oils were the sesquiterpenes β-caryophyllene (24.9 and 22.2%), spathulenol (17.7 and 12.4%) and epoxy-allo-aromadendrene (23.0 and 23.6%). From the hexane extract of the aerial part were isolated a mixture of sitosterol and stigmasterol, its glucosides, and the triterpenes taraxasteryl acetate and taraxasterol, while from the ethanol extract were obtained the flavonoids nepetin and 3-O-glucoside-quercetin. The triterpenes epi-friedelanol and dammara-20,24-dien-3β-ol were obtained from the hexane extract of roots, while the coumarin 11-hydroxy-11,12-di-hydroobliquine was obtained from the ethanol extract. The structures of all compounds were determinate based on spectroscopic methods such as IR, MS and ¹H and 13C NMR

Usando reações clássicas como esterificação e oxidação, uma série de derivados foi obtida a partir da mistura alfa- e beta-amirina, constituintes majoritários da resina de Protium heptaphyllum. Os compostos obtidos foram caracterizados por dados espectroscópicos como: IV, RMN de ¹H e de 13C e comparação com dados da literatura.

Using classic reactions such as esterification and oxidation, a series of derivatives was obtained from the alpha- and beta-amyrin mixture, major compounds of the Protium heptaphyllum resin. The obtained compounds were characterized by spectroscopic data such as: IR, ¹ H and 13C NMR and comparison with literature.